This one is similar to #1. This
particular type of question is one of the most commonly
missed ones, and will get you high points on the CBT!!
So remember this one!
3. After her death in 1986 many documentaries ______
Georgia O'Keeffe were produced.
related the life and work of
to relate life and work
life and working to relate relating the life and work
of
relating modifies documentaries;
we can also call this a reduced adjective clause.
4. ______ the passage of light, many new plastics are
processed using technologies rivaling those used in
the manufacture of computer chips.
To better permit
Infinitive of purpose. We are explaining
why plastics are processed in this way, so we
should use the infinitive of purpose.
Permitting better
For the better of
It is better for
5. The architecture exhibited in the Empire State Building
and conveyed us an idea
of the prevailing attitudes of the day is
important for the historical and cultural value it
represents.
conveyed ==> conveying
The perennial problem: Do I use
-ing or -ed? Here we need the -ing form because architecture
is the subject of the verbal conveying.
I (Erin Billy) wrote this problem
this way because I noticed that many of my students
were missing real TOEFL questions (just like this one)
because they were simply matching the Ed form in conveyed
with the Ed form in exhibited and assuming it
was correct that way.
Nope! Not a good strategy--you'll
miss the harder questions if you do that!!
prevailing
is
it represents
6. In 2001 George W. Bush, Jr., entered
his first year office as President of the United States.
In 2001
entered office ==> of office
Gotta have this preposition!
as President
7. Similar in climate and geography many
northeastern cities is Portland, the largest
city in Oregon.
in many ==> to many
Preposition combination: similar + to
This one's a little bit tricky because the similar
and the to are separated by in climate and
geography, but the rule is the same.
is
largest
8. Uranium, ______ , is an exceedingly rare and potentially
dangerous element.
to found in trace quantities found in trace quantities
Same problem again. -ing or Ed?
-ing or Ed? -ing or Ed? It never ends... Anyway, Erin
Billy says that we need the Ed form here because uranium
is the object of the verbal found.
finding in trace quantities
to be found in trace quantities
9. The Flower Market in San Francisco is ______, and
was established in the 1930's.
home to the country's second
largest flower market
home to is a fixed phrase
and means something like "the location of."
Home of the second largest flower market in the country
This one's almost correct,
but we'd have to use the with home since
home of is NOT a fixed phrase.
the second flower market in the country's home of
the home to the second country's large flower market
10. Because of extensive research in the field
of genetic engineers, scientists
can now create plants that farmers can grow in
harsh climates.
research engineers ==> engineering
Word form. We're talking about the subject, not the
people.
