2. Only with the advent of refrigeratorwere most Americans able to begin to consume
fresh meat.
refrigerator
Correction: refrigeration.
First, we need a noun here because
of is a preposition. refrigerator is a
noun, but it is the wrong form of the noun. A refrigerator
is the machine that we have in our kitchens to keep
food cold. In this case, we should use the noun that
refers to the technology.
were
to begin
meat
3. Although ______ a successful film, none of her
other works have to date been adapted to the film format.
The Joy Luck Club is best known novel by Amy
Tan was made into The Joy Luck Club was made into a film by Amy
Tan’s best known
Amy Tan’s best known novel, The
Joy Luck Club, was made into
In this case, we need a sentence
after the subordinating conjunction Although.
In this case, the sentence is novel was made.
Amy Tan’s best known novel, The Joy Luck Club,
made
4. The gross domestic product of a country is a
figureexpressed in monetary terms that represents
the entire economy value of the goods and
services produced in that country.
a figure
expressed
economy
Correction: economic
We need the adjective form here
to modify the noun value. economy is a
noun.
goods
5. In addition to the more traditional simple oven
many ______ either by circulating heated air around the
food or by heating the moisture contained in the food
with microwaves, and a few do both.
functioning modern ovens
modern ovens that function
modern ovens function
We need a main subject and a
main verb in this sentence.
the function of modern ovens
6. One of the first state of the United
States, Rhode Island is the smallest of all the
states and is locatednorth of the largest
city in the United States, New York City.
state
Correction: states
We need the plural form of state
here because we are talking about more than one state.
the smallest
is located
north
7. Critical to understand
the phenomenon of human intelligence is the notion that
not all human thought patterns are either
predictable or rational.
understand
Correction: understanding
This is a tricky one! In this
case to is a preposition, it is not part
of the infinitive. Therefore, we should have a noun
after to. Here's a similar example: dedicated
to. to is a preposition, so we should have
a noun after to. For example, we can say: I am
dedicated to my family. Right? Now, what if I want to
use the idea of a verb after dedicated to? For
example, what if I want to say that I like to help
my family? Then I would say I am dedicated to
helping my family. I cannot say I am dedicated
to XhelpX my family since to needs
a noun after it and help is not a noun. Many
of my students think this is one of the hardest grammar
points to remember, so I have a sentence for them to
memorize to help them remember this grammar pattern:
Mother Theresa dedicated her
life to helping the poor.
not all
are
or
8. The advent of the personal computer and easy
access to information via the Internet has allowed many
more entrepreneurs ______ than ever before.
to open home-based businesses
After the verb allow
we should use the infinitive form. For example, she
allowed me to use her car.
who open home-based businesses
opening businesses home-based
base at home their business
9. Deciduous trees are those who have leaves
that fall off once a year, typically before
the advent of winter.
who
Correction: that
We should only use who
for people, or sometimes, for such animals as pets.
once a year
typically
winter
10. ______ "orca" means whale, the orca
is actually a member of the dolphin family, the delphinids.
That
Why
While
We need a subordinating conjunction
to show contrast here. In other words, we need to use
a word that means even though or despite the
fact that.
It is
